Nominal sentences

Turkish does not have an auxiliary, so sentences such as ‘I am a doctor’ (Ben doktorum) do not have verbs. It has a "pronoun suffix".

In order to form nominal sentences, we use pronoun suffixes for each pronoun. Third person (he, she it) never takes a pronoun. So, sentences like "The weather is beautiful" in Turkish are "Hava güzel" which would literally translate to "Weather beautiful" in English. Or "Ahmet is sick" would translate to "Ahmet hasta", which literally means "Ahmet sick.".

Each person(pronoun) has a different marker, as shown in the table on the left. I-type vowel harmony is applied to the first and second person suffixes. The third person singular does not have a marker.

Here is a pronoun suffix chart with noun and adjective examples. Beware that the suffixes always follow the vowel harmony below. In order to apply the vowel harmony rule, we have to look at the last vowel of the word that we are conjugating. The buffer "y" also appears after a vowel-ending nouns and adjectives such as "Mutlu or öğrenci".

Here is an example of the I-type vowel harmony chart.